Alert Bulletin Archives
- Vanua Lava
(Suretamatai) - Gaua
(Mount Garet) - Ambae
(Manaro Voui) - Ambrym
(Benbow & Marum) - Lopevi
(Lopevi) - Tanna
(Yasur) - Epi
(East Epi)
Bulletin N°3- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°3 - VANUA LAVA ACTIVITY
Thursday March 28th 2024
VANUA LAVA VOLCANO 13°80’S 167°47’E Summit 3021ft (921m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 1
Vanua Lava volcano is continuing to show signs of unrest. The Vanua Lava Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 1. Signs of volcanic unrest continues at Vanua Lava. New scientific observations confirmed that the Vanua Lava volcanic activity is likely to continue at similar levels, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 1. The danger zone for life safety is limited around the volcanic area and the sulfur river areas. Latest field observations and satellite images confirmed the ongoing presence of volcanic gases at the volcanic area and around the sulfur river. Volcanic hazards remain at the volcanic cone and areas around the sulfur river. Visitors of Vanua Lava volcano and communities of Vanua Lava Island will continue to expect volcanic gases while approaching the volcanic area and sulfur river areas. More, there is a presence of hot springs water at the sulfur river areas. Alert Level for Vanua Lava volcano has been at the Level 1 since 27th May 2016. The current observations are consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 1 activity. Level 1 indicates “Signs of unrest. The danger zone for life safety is at the volcanic area and the sulfur river areas”. All tourism agencies, visitors, local authorities, and people from Vanua Lava Island and general public are reminded to must NOT approach the volcanic areas and the sulfur river areas. In these areas, volcanic gases will always be expected with the presence of hot springs water at the sulfur river areas. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided accordingly when necessary.
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Bulletin N°2- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°2 - VANUA LAVA ACTIVITY
Friday March 8th 2024
VANUA LAVA VOLCANO 13°80’S 167°47’E Summit 3021ft (921m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 1
Vanua Lava volcano is continuing to show signs of unrest. The Vanua Lava Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 1. Signs of volcanic unrest continues at Vanua Lava. New scientific observations confirmed that the Vanua Lava volcanic activity is likely to continue at similar levels, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 1. The danger zone for life safety is limited around the volcanic area and the sulfur river areas. Latest field observations and satellite images confirmed the ongoing presence of volcanic gases at the volcanic area and around the sulfur river. Volcanic hazards remain at the volcanic cone and areas around the sulfur river. Visitors of Vanua Lava volcano and communities of Vanua Lava Island will continue to smell the volcanic gases while approaching the volcanic area and sulfur river areas. More, there is a presence of hot springs water at the sulfur river areas. Alert Level for Vanua Lava volcano has been at the Level 1 since 27th May 2016. The current observations are consistent with the Alert Level 1 activity. Level 1 indicates “Signs of unrest. The danger zone for life safety is at the volcanic area and the sulfur river areas”. All tourism agencies, visitors, local authorities, and people from Vanua Lava Island and general public are reminded to must NOT approach the volcanic areas and the sulfur river areas. In these areas, volcanic gases will always be expected with the presence of hot springs water at the sulfur river areas. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided accordingly when necessary.
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Bulletin N°1- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°1 - VANUA LAVA ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 31st 2024
VANUA LAVA VOLCANO 13°80’S 167°47’E Summit 3021ft (921m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 1
Vanua Lava volcano is continuing in the minor unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 1. Mt. Suretamatai volcanic activity is continuing at a minor unrest state, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 1. Latest satellite data shows no major emissions of volcanic plume but steam around the volcanic cone and the Sulphur River continue to be observed locally. However, the Volcanic Alert Level is maintained at Level 1. With the ongoing activity and the associated volcanic hazards, the danger zone is limited around the volcano cone and the Sulphur River. It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. Mt. Suretamatai has remained at Volcano Alert Level 1 since the 27th of May 2016. At this alert level, the risk for visitors accessing areas from the volcano cone and Sulphur River remains low, however given the unpredictable character of volcanoes all tourism agencies, local authorities, people of Vanua Lava and the general public are advised to give serious consideration to potential volcanic hazards. More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources Vanua Lava volcano is one of the active volcanoes in Vanuatu and in contrast to other large volcanoes in the country, it does not contain a youthful summit caldera. A chain of small stratovolcanoes, oriented along an NNE-SSW line, gives the low-angle volcano an irregular profile. Historically, this volcano had low infrequent activity except in XIX (19) century with 3 moderate manifestations and in XX (20) century with 2. The Department of Meteorology and Geo-hazards will continue to closely monitor Vanua Lava volcano activity and provide information when necessary.
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Bulletin N°3- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°3 - GAUA ACTIVITY
Thursday March 28th 2024
GAUA VOLCANO 14°16’0”S 167°30’0”E Summit 2615ft (797m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Gaua Volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Gaua Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest volcanic activity continues at Gaua. Latest field observations has confirmed that Gaua volcanic activity conditions are unstable at the level of major unrest. With this current volcanic activity state, the Gaua volcano activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited to on the volcanic cone (See Gaua caldera safety map below). Latest field observations and satellite data showed that active vent located at the volcano summit is continuing to emit volcanic plumes. These emitted volcanic plumes from the active vent may content volcanic steam and/or gas. Volcanic hazards remain at the areas around the volcanic cone. Gaua volcano visitors will continue to expect volcanic gases while approaching the volcanic cone. At this major unrest activity, volcanic acid rain may be expected at areas around Gaua volcanic cone specially those exposed to prevailing trade winds. Alert Level for Gaua volcano has been at Level 2 since 31st January 2018. The current observations are consistent with the Alert Level 2 activity. Level 2 indicates “Major Unrest. The danger zone is around the Gaua volcanic cone”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. This is a reminder to all tourism agencies, local authorities, people in Gaua and the general public NOT to access areas around the volcanic cone. In this area volcanic gases will always be expected and other volcan risk could occur at any time in such major unrest state. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°2- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°2 - GAUA ACTIVITY
Friday March 8th 2024
GAUA VOLCANO 14°16’0”S 167°30’0”E Summit 2615ft (797m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Gaua Volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Gaua Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest volcanic activity continues at Gaua. Latest field observations has confirmed that Gaua volcanic activity conditions are unstable at the level of major unrest. With this current volcanic activity state, the Gaua volcano activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited to on the volcanic cone (See Gaua caldera safety map below). Latest field observations and satellite data showed that active vent located at the volcano summit is continuing to emit volcanic plumes. These emitted volcanic plumes from the active vent may content volcanic steam and/or gas. Volcanic hazards remain at the areas around the volcanic cone. Gaua volcano visitors will continue to smell volcanic gases while approaching the volcanic cone. At this major unrest activity, volcanic acid rain may be expected at areas around Gaua volcanic cone specially those exposed to prevailing trade winds. Alert Level for Gaua volcano has been at Level 2 since 31st January 2018. The current observations are consistent with the Alert Level 2 activity. Level 2 indicates “Major Unrest. The danger zone is around the Gaua volcanic cone”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. This is a reminder to all tourism agencies, local authorities, people in Gaua and the general public NOT to access areas around the volcanic cone. In this area volcanic gases will always be expected and other volcan risk could occur at any time in such major unrest state. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°1- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°1 - GAUA ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 31st 2024
GAUA VOLCANO 14°16’0”S 167°30’0”E Summit 2615ft (797m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2 Gaua Volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. Gaua volcano activity is continuing in the major unrest level, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Latest satellite data shows emissions of gas at the crater summit. However, the Volcanic Alert level is maintained at Level 2. With the ongoing activity and the associated hazards, the danger zone is limited to the volcanic cone (see safety map below). Visitors will continue to smell volcanic gas while approaching the volcanic cone. It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. Mt. Garet has remained at Volcanic Alert Level 2 since the 31st January 2018. At this alert level, the risk for visitors accessing areas from the volcano cone remains low, however given the unpredictable character of volcanoes all tourism agencies, local authorities, people on Gaua and the general public are advised to give serious consideration to potential volcanic hazards. More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: http://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resource Gaua volcano is one of the active volcanoes in Vanuatu. Historically, the formation of Mount Garet active cone of and other small cinder cones in the SW part of the caldera has left a crescent-shaped caldera lake, Lake Letas. The symmetrical, flat-topped Mount Garet cone is topped by three active craters. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor Mt. Garet volcano activity and more information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°3- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°3 - AMBAE ACTIVITY
Thursday March 28th 2024
AMBAE VOLCANO 15°24’0”S 167°50’0”E Summit 4908ft (1496m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Ambae volcano activity is continuing in the major unrest state. The Ambae Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest volcanic activity at Ambae is continuing at Lake Voui. Latest field observations and ongoing data analysis has confirmed that Ambae volcanic activity conditions is unstable at the major unrest level. The Ambae volcano activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 2 km radius from the 2017-2018 active vents and flowing creeks during heavy rain. Latest observation photos from the field showed that ongoing obvious emission of volcanic steam and/or gases and/or ashes are emitted from active vents inside Lake. With this ongoing volcanic activity, people of Ambae and neighboring islands can observe the volcanic cloud at the summit of Ambae Island. Volcanic hazards remain at the volcano summit area and flowing creeks (e.g. remobilization of remaining ash from 2017 and 2018 eruption). At this major unrest state, volcanic ash and acid rain can be also expected at villages located around the volcano summit specially those exposed to prevailing trade winds when the volcanic cloud reaching few kilometers in height. The Ambae volcanic alert level has been at Level 2 since 27th December 2021. Observations of the current activity are consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Level 2 indicates “Major unrest. The danger zone remains at the Danger Zone A which is about 2 km radius from the 2017-2018 active volcanic vents and within the area of flowing creeks during heavy rain”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. All tourism agencies, local authorities, people on Ambae and the general public are reminded that the danger zone for live safety at the summit area remains at the Danger Zone A (See Ambae caldera safety map below) which is about approximately about 2 km radius from the 2017-2018 active vents due to the presence of volcanic hazards such as gases, ashes and others volcanic activity related risk in this area and also including areas of flowing creeks during heavy rain. With the presence of remaining volcanic ash from 2017 and 2018 eruption at the summit areas, villages located near flowing creeks can continually expect changes in stream behavior and larger than normal flow rates during heavy rains. People on Ambae Island need to beware of the dangerous flows while approaching these creeks during heavy rains. Ambae volcano advice key message and information about volcanic hazards can be found at the link below: http://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided as available.
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Bulletin N°2- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°2 - AMBAE ACTIVITY
Friday March 8th 2024
AMBAE VOLCANO 15°24’0”S 167°50’0”E Summit 4908ft (1496m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Ambae volcano activity is continuing in the major unrest state. The Ambae Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest volcanic activity at Ambae is continuing at Lake Voui. Latest field observations and ongoing data analysis has confirmed that Ambae volcanic activity conditions is unstable at the major unrest level. The Ambae volcano activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 2 km radius from the 2017-2018 active vents and flowing creeks during heavy rain. Latest observation photos from the field showed that ongoing obvious emission of volcanic steam and/or gases and/or ashes are emitted from active vents inside Lake. With this ongoing volcanic activity, people of Ambae and neighboring islands can observe the volcanic cloud at the summit of Ambae Island. Volcanic hazards remain at the volcano summit area and flowing creeks (e.g. remobilization of remaining ash from 2017 and 2018 eruption). At this major unrest state, volcanic ash and acid rain can be also expected at villages located around the volcano summit specially those exposed to prevailing trade winds when the volcanic cloud reaching few kilometers in height. With the volcanic activity in which eruptive vents emitted volcanic ashes plume, the Ambae Volcanic Alert Level has been moved from Level 1 to Level 2 since 27th December 2021. Observations of the current activity are consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Level 2 indicates “Major unrest. The danger zone remains at the Danger Zone A which is about 2 km radius from the 2017-2018 active volcanic vents and within the area of flowing creeks during heavy rain”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. All tourism agencies, local authorities, people of Ambae and the general public are reminded that the danger zone for live safety at the summit area remains at the Danger Zone A (See Ambae caldera safety map below) which is about approximately about 2 km radius from the 2017-2018 active vents due to the presence of volcanic hazards such as gases, ashes and others volcanic activity related risk in this area and also including areas of flowing creeks during heavy rain. With the presence of remaining volcanic ash from 2017 and 2018 eruption at the summit areas, villages located near flowing creeks can continually expect changes in stream behavior and larger than normal flow rates during heavy rains. People of Ambae Island need to beware of the dangerous flows while approaching these creeks during heavy rains. Ambae volcano advice key message and information about volcanic hazards can be found at the link below: http://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided as available.
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Bulletin N°1- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°1 - AMBAE ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 31st 2024
AMBAE VOLCANO 15°24’0”S 167°50’0”E Summit 4908ft (1496m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2 Manaro Vui volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. Manaro Vui volcanic activity is continuing in the major level of unrest, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Latest data analysis from the monitoring system confirmed ongoing steam and gas emissions on the active vent inside the Lake Manaro Vui. The Volcanic Alert level remain at Level 2. With the ongoing volcanic activity and the associated hazards such as lava flow, gas emissions and ash fall, the danger zone at the summit remains at the Danger Zone A (See Ambae caldera safety map below) which is about 2 km radius from the active vent. A reminder on persistent threat within areas of flowing creeks during heavy rain (e.g., remobilization of ash and debris). It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. Manaro Vui volcano has remained at Volcanic Alert Level 2 since the 27th of December 2021. At this alert level, the risk for visitors accessing areas from the crater lakes and the caldera is LOW. Given the unpredictable character of volcanoes all tourism agencies, local authorities, people on Ambae and the general public are advised to give serious consideration to potential volcanic hazards as well as the danger zone limit. More information about the volcanic hazards and the Ambae volcano key messages can be found on the website: http://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources Manaro Vui volcano is a very large volcano and is frequently active. A large-scale eruption about 400 years ago built a volcanic cone in the summit crater and that crater is now filled by Lake Voui; however, the modern active vent area is now within the volcanic cone that grew and remained since December 2021. Historic activity is poorly known, but there is documented activity in 1530, 1670, 1870, 1915 and 1966. All documented activity has been from the summit crater (Lake Vui) except for the 1670 activity, which included a flank eruption producing lava flows at Ndui Ndui. The 2017-2018 eruption episode started in 1991, with eruptions in 1995, 2005, 2016 leading to the 2017-2018 activity. The latest episodes of major unrest began in 2021 when the active cone built up exposing the vent from the lake water. Hence, Manaro Vui is considered an open vent volcano with the last increased activity in January 2023 producing a lava flow to the north of the active cone. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor Manaro Vui volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°5- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°5 - AMBRYM ACTIVITY
Thursday March 28th 2024
AMBRYM VOLCANO 16°15’00”S 168°07’00”E Summit Elevation 4377ft (1334m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Ambrym volcanic activity is continuing in the major unrest state. The Ambrym Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. Major unrest volcanic activity is continuing at Benbow and Marum volcanic craters. New field observations and seismic data analysis confirmed that the Ambrym volcanic activity conditions is unstable at the major unrest level. Ambrym volcano activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 1 km radius from Marum crater and 2 km radius from Marum crater and major cracked of 2018 eruption at the south eastern part of Ambrym. Latest observation photos from the field confirmed that its volcanic activity is confined inside the Benbow and Marum which consist of small steam cloud (fumarole). Volcanic hazards remain inside Benbow crater, areas around Marum crater and areas of major cracks of 2018 eruption at the South East of Ambrym. The Ambrym volcanic Alert Level has been at Level 2 since 17th January 2024. Observations of the current activity are consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Level 2 indicates “Major unrest. The danger zone is at the Exclusion Zone which is about 1 km radius from Benbow crater and the Danger Zone A which is about 2 km radius from Marum crater with major cracked areas at the south eastern part of Ambrym”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. Ambrym volcano is a very active volcano in Vanuatu with large caldera of 12 km in diameter and 2 active craters Marum and Benbow. The volcano has been active during historical time at both summit and flank vents, producing moderate explosive eruptions and lava flows that have reached the coast. The larger events include eruptions in 1820, 1894, 1913 or 1929. Over the last seventy years, there are no extracaldera eruptions. The eruption of 1988 and 2015 are focused in the caldera. All tourism agencies, local autorithies, people of Ambrym and the general public are reminded NOT to access the Permanent Exclusion Zone which is about 1 km radius inside Benbow crater and the Danger Zone A which is about 2 km radius around Marum crater (including Maben-Mbwelesu, Niri-Mbwelesu and Mbwelesu) (See Ambrym caldera safety map below). In thèse areas volcanic gases are expected and 2018 eruption major cracks can collapse in areas around Benbow and Marum craters anytime. Moreover, communities from South East Ambrym are advised not to access 2018 eruption major cracks at the South East of Ambrym. Ambrym volcano advice key message and information about volcanic hazards can be found at the link below: https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department continues to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided as soon as necessary.
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Bulletin N°4- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°4 - AMBRYM ACTIVITY
Friday March 8th 2024
AMBRYM VOLCANO 16°15’00”S 168°07’00”E Summit Elevation 4377ft (1334m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Ambrym volcano activity is continuing in the major unrest state. The Ambrym Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. Major unrest volcanic activity is continuing at Benbow and Marum volcanic craters. New field observations and seismic data analysis confirmed that the Ambrym volcanic activity conditions is unstable at the major unrest level. Ambrym volcano activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 1 km radius from Marum crater and 2 km radius from Marum crater and major cracked of 2018 eruption at the south eastern part of Ambrym. Latest observation photos from the field confirmed that its volcanic activity is confined inside the Benbow and Marum which consist of small steam cloud (fumarole). Volcanic hazards remain inside Benbow crater, areas around Marum crater and areas of major cracks of 2018 eruption at the South East of Ambrym. The small eruption phase which Ambrym communities have observed volcanic glow at night and experienced volcanic ash falls and acid rain, when the Alert Level for Ambrym volcano has been raised at Level 3 on 14th January 2024. On 17th January 2024, its Alert Level was dropped to Level 2. Current activity shows that Ambrym volcano is in the major unrest state, consistent with the Alert Level 2 activity. Level 2 indicates “Major unrest. The danger zone is at the Exclusion Zone which is about 1 km radius from Benbow crater and the Danger Zone A which is about 2 km radius from Marum crater with major cracked areas at the south eastern part of Ambrym”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. All tourism agencies, local autorithies, people of Ambrym and the general public are reminded NOT to access the Permanent Exclusion Zone which is about 1 km radius inside Benbow crater and the Danger Zone A which is about 2 km radius around Marum crater (including Maben-Mbwelesu, Niri-Mbwelesu and Mbwelesu) (See Ambrym caldera safety map below). In thèse areas volcanic gases are expected and 2018 eruption major cracks can collapse in areas around Benbow and Marum craters anytime. Moreover, communities from South East Ambrym are advised not to access 2018 eruption major cracks at the South East of Ambrym. Ambrym volcano advice key message and information about volcanic hazards can be found at the link below: https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department continues to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided as soon as necessary.
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Bulletin N°3- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°3 - AMBRYM ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 31st 2024
AMBRYM VOLCANO 16°15’00”S 168°07’00”E Summit Elevation 4377ft (1334m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Ambrym volcano activity is continuing in the major unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. Ambrym volcano activity is continuing in the major level of unrest, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Latest seismic analysis and observation confirmed ongoing steam emissions from the active craters of Ambrym volcano. Earlier this month, the Benbow crater underwent a short lived (4 days) eruption producing lava flow within the Benbow crater. With the ongoing activity and the associated hazards, the danger zone at the summit is maintained at Danger Zone B (See Ambrym caldera safety map below). These danger zones are about 2 km around Benbow and 4 km around Marum craters including Maben-Mbwelesu, Niri-Mbwelesu and Mbwelesu. Additional danger zone is at the South-East of Ambrym within 500 meters from major cracks (Opened during the 2018 Eruption). It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. The level of risk for visitors accessing areas from the caldera is high. People on Ambrym especially, villages close to the volcano are expected to experience acid rain and are advised to follow the Ambrym key messages for volcanic ash, gas and acid rain, to protect water supply sources. More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: Ambrym volcano is a very active volcano in Vanuatu with large caldera of 12 km in diameter and 2 active craters, Marum and Benbow. The volcano has been active during historical time at both summit and flank vents, producing moderate explosive eruptions and lava flows that have reached the coast. The larger events include eruptions in 1820, 1894, 1913 or 1929. Over the last seventy years (before the 2018 eruption), there have been no eruptions that extended beyond the summit caldera. The eruption of 1988 and 2015 are focused in the caldera. The December 2018 eruption was focused in the summit caldera, and also affected the Eastern Fracture or Rift Zone with ground deformation, rifting, faulting and uplift, but no eruption occurred there. On 25th January 2022, and again on 13th January 2024, there was a minor eruption inside Benbow crater spewing lava flows. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor Benbow and Marum volcano activities and provide information when necessary.
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Bulletin N°2- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°2 - AMBRYM ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 17th 2024
AMBRYM VOLCANO 16°15’00”S 168°07’00”E Summit Elevation 4377ft (1334m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Ambrym volcano activity has decreased from minor eruption to major unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level degraded from Level 3 to Level 2. Latest seismic analysis and observation has confirmed a decrease of the Ambrym volcano activity. The volcanic Alert now has degraded to Level 2. Ambrym volcano is now in the Major Unrest State. The current activity still consists of reduced emission of steam/gas and dimmer to no night glow compared to the past three (3) days. Ground observation and our volcano monitoring system (webcam and seismic data) analysis from the 15th-17th January 2024 confirms the decrease of seismic activity and the emission of sulfur gas, ash and steam. This current volcanic activity shows that Ambrym volcano is currently in the major unrest state, consistent with the Alert Level 2. With the ongoing activity and the associated hazards, the danger zone at the summit is maintained at Danger Zone B (See Ambrym caldera safety map below). These danger zones are about 2 km around Benbow and 4 km around Marum craters including Maben-Mbwelesu, Niri-Mbwelesu and Mbwelesu. Additional danger zone is at the South-East of Ambrym within 500 meters from major cracks (Opened during the 2018 Eruption). It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. The level of risk for visitors accessing areas from the caldera is high. People on Ambrym especially, villages close to the volcano are expected to experience acid rain and are advised to follow the Ambrym key messages for volcanic ash, gas and acid rain, to protect water supply sources. More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor Benbow and Marum volcano activities and provide information when necessary.
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Bulletin N°1- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°1 - AMBRYM ACTIVITY
Sunday January 14th 2024
AMBRYM VOLCANO 16°15’00”S 168°07’00”E Summit Elevation 4377ft (1334m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 3
Ambrym volcano has increased its activity from minor unrest to minor eruption state. The Volcanic Alert Level is raised from Level 1 to Level 3. Ambrym Volcano is now in the minor eruption state. The volcanic eruption is happening inside the Benbow Crater. The Danger Zone for life safety is limited at the Danger Zone B which is about 2km around Benbow and 4Km around Marum craters (Including Maben-Mbwelesu, Niri-Mbwelesu and Mbwelesu) (See safety Map below) Observations from Ambrym Volcano Webcam and seismic data analysis on 13th January 2024 confirmed an eruption inside Benbow Crater from 2217hrs (10:17PM) local time. The activity consists of strong glow, loud explosion, gas and steam. People from Ambrym and neighboring islands may view gas plumes and observe volcanic glow. The Alert Level for Ambrym volcano has been at the Level 1 since 10th October 2019. The current activity show that Ambrym volcano is undergoing a small-scale eruption. This is consistent with the Alert Level 3 activity. Level 3 indicates 'Minor eruption; Danger is now at 2km around Benbow and 4km around Marum'. The possibility that the Ambrym volcano activity escalate to the level of moderate eruption (Level 4) is low for now. With the ongoing activity and the associated hazards, the danger zone at the summit area is increased to Danger Zone B (See Ambry, caldera safety map below). These danger zones are about 2km around Benbow and 4 km around Marum craters including Maben-Mbwelesu, Niri-Mbwelesu and Mbwelesu. Additional danger is at the South East of Ambry, within 500 meters from major cracks (Open during the 2018 Eruption). It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources Ambrym volcano is a very active volcano in Vanuatu with large caldera of 12 km in diameter and 2 active craters, Marum and Benbow. The volcano has been active during historical time at both summit and flank vents, producing moderate explosive eruptions and lava flows that have reached the coast. The larger events include eruptions in 1820, 1894, 1913 or 1929. Over the last seventy years (before the 2018 eruption), there have been no eruptions that extended beyond the summit caldera. The eruption of 1988 and 2015 are focused in the caldera. The December 2018 eruption was focused in the summit caldera, and also affected the Eastern Fracture or Rift Zone with ground deformation, rifting, faulting and uplift, but no eruption occurred there. Latest episodes of increased activity in the unrest state includes the October 2021 event on Marum crater and January 2022 event on Benbow crater which produced lava flows inside the active craters. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor Ambrym volcano activities and provide information when necessary.
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Bulletin N°3- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°3 - LOPEVI ACTIVITY
Thursday March 28th 2024
LOPEVI VOLCANO 16°30’23”S 169°20’18”E Summit 4635ft (1413m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Lopevi volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Lopevi Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest volcanic activity at Lopevi volcano is continuing. New field observations and seismic data analysis confirmed that Lopevi volcano conditions are unstable at the level of major unrest. With this current volcanic activity state, the volcanic activity is likely to increase at any time but it could also remain at the same level for a longtime. The danger zone for life safety is limited on the Island of Lopevi (See Lopevi safety map below). Latest observation photos from the field showed that Lopevi volcanic activity continues to occur in the active craters near the summit crater. The volcano activity consists of continuous emission of small steam plume (fumerole) at the volcanic summit crater. With this ongoing volcanic activity, volcanic hazards remain at the Lopevi Island. In the past, small or short-lived eruptions have followed volcanic unrest at Lopevi. The chance for an eruptive phase to follow the current volcanic unrest, like in January 2017, is likely. The Lopevi Volcanic Alert Level (VAL) has been at Level 2 since 23 September 2017. The current observations are consistent with the activity of the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Level 2 indicates “Major level of unrest. The danger zone for life safety is on the island of Lopevi”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warning. This is a reminder that all visitors to Lopevi may be affected by the volcanic unrest. Authorities, communities from the islands of Paama and Epi, travel agencies, and general public must take this information into consideration while visiting and/or approaching Lopevi Island due to the presence of volcanic hazards at Lopevi Island. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor this volcanic activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°2- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°2 - LOPEVI ACTIVITY
Friday March 8th 2024
LOPEVI VOLCANO 16°30’23”S 169°20’18”E Summit 4635ft (1413m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2 Lopevi volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Lopevi Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest volcanic activity at Lopevi volcano is continuing. New field observations and seismic data analysis confirmed that Lopevi volcano conditions are unstable at the level of major unrest. With this current volcanic activity state, the volcanic activity is likely to increase at any time but it could also remain at the same level for a longtime. The danger zone for life safety is limited on the Island of Lopevi (See Lopevi safety map below). Latest observation photos from the field showed that Lopevi volcanic activity continues to occur in the active craters near the summit crater. The volcano activity consists of continuous emission of small steam plume (fumerole) at the volcanic summit crater. With this ongoing volcanic activity, volcanic hazards remain at the Lopevi Island. In the past, small or short-lived eruptions have followed volcanic unrest at Lopevi. The chance for an eruptive phase to follow the current volcanic unrest, like in January 2017, is likely. The Lopevi Volcanic Alert Level (VAL) has been at Level 2 since 23 September 2017. The current observations are consistent with the activity of the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Level 2 indicates “Major level of unrest. The danger zone for life safety is on the island of Lopevi”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warning. This is a reminder that all visitors to Lopevi may be affected by the volcanic unrest. Authorities, communities from the islands of Paama and Epi, travel agencies, and general public must take this information into consideration while visiting and/or approaching Lopevi Island due to the presence of volcanic hazards at Lopevi Island. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor this volcanic activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°1- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°1 - LOPEVI ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 31st 2024
LOPEVI VOLCANO 16°30’23”S 169°20’18”E Summit 4635ft (1413m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2 Lopevi volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The Lopevi volcanic activity is continuing at a major unrest state, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. The latest data analysis from the monitoring system shows the ongoing presence of volcanic earthquakes but no emissions of volcanic plumes at the crater summit. Volcanic Alert level is maintained at Level 2. With the ongoing activity, the associated volcanic hazards, the topography and the histories of the Island, the danger zone is limited to the whole Island of Lopevi (See Lopevi safety map below). It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. Lopevi volcano has remained at Volcanic Alert Level 2 since the 23rd of September 2017. At this level, the risk for visitors accessing the Island of Lopevi remains LOW, however given the unpredictable character of volcanoes all tourism agencies, local authorities, people and residents of Paama & Epi and the general public are advised to give serious consideration to potential volcanic hazards. More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources Lopevi is one of several frequently active volcanoes in Vanuatu. Ash producing eruptions can occur every 3-10 years. The volcano has been active during historical time at both summit and flank vents, producing moderate explosive eruptions and lava flows that reached the coast. Historical eruptions date back to the mid-19th century. The island was evacuated following major eruptions in 1939 and 1960. Only a family tries to live on the island these days. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor Lopevi volcano activity and more information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°3- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°3 - TANNA ACTIVITY
Thursday March 28th 2024
TANNA VOLCANO 19°32’0”S 169°26’30”E Summit 1184ft (361m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2 Yasur volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Yasur Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest activity is continuing at Yasur volcanic crater. New field observations and data analysis confirmed that Yasur volcano condition is unstable at the level of major unrest. Its volcanic activity is likely to continue at this similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 600 m radius from eruptive vents inside Yasur crater. Latest observation photos from the field showed that the volcanic activity at Yasur is continuing and confined inside the crater. The volcanic activity consists of ongoing explosions and some explosions remain strong. Volcanic bombs may fall in and/or around the crater. Eruptive vents emit volcanic cloud which may content gases and/or ash clouds. Volcanic hazards remain inside the crater and around the caldera. Yasur visitors and Tanna communities’ members will expect the presence of the volcanic gas while approaching the volcanic crater and caldera. At this major unrest state, volcanic ash fall and acid rain will continue to be experience by villages located in and around the caldera specially those exposed to prevailing trade winds when the volcanic cloud reach few kilometers in height. The Alert Level for Yasur has been at the Level 2 since 18th October 2016. The current observations are consistent with the Alert Level 2 activity. Level 2 indicates “Major Unrest. The danger zone for life safety remain at the Danger Zone A which is about 600 m radius from the eruptive vents”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. All tourism agencies, visitors, local authorities, people from Tanna Island and general public are reminded that danger area for life safety remains at the Danger Zone A (See Yasur caldera safety map below) which is about 600 m radius from eruptive vents due to the volcanic projectiles, ashes and gases presence in this zone. Villages located in and around the caldera will continue to expect volcanic gases and ash falls impacts. Yasur volcano safety map, visitors Fact sheet and information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources. The Department of Meteorology and Geohazards will continue to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°2- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°2 - TANNA ACTIVITY
Friday March 8th 2024
TANNA VOLCANO 19°32’0”S 169°26’30”E Summit 1184ft (361m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2 Yasur volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Yasur Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The major unrest activity is continuing at Yasur volcanic crater. New field observations and data analysis confirmed that Yasur volcano condition is unstable at the level of major unrest. Its volcanic activity is likely to continue at this similar level, consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 2. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 600 m radius from eruptive vents inside Yasur crater. Latest observation photos from the field showed that the volcanic activity at Yasur is confined inside the crater. The volcanic activity consists of ongoing explosions and some explosions remain strong. Volcanic bombs may fall in and/or around the crater. Eruptive vents emit volcanic cloud which may content gases and/or ash clouds. Volcanic hazards remain inside the crater and around the caldera. Yasur visitors and Tanna communities’ members can expect to smell the volcanic gas while approaching the volcanic crater and caldera. At this major unrest state, volcanic ash fall and acid rain will continue to be experience by villages located in and around the caldera specially those exposed to prevailing trade winds when the volcanic cloud reach few kilometers in height. The Alert Level for Yasur has been at the Level 2 since 18th October 2016. The current observations are consistent with the Alert Level 2 activity. Level 2 indicates “Major Unrest. The danger zone for life safety remain at the Danger Zone A which is about 600 m radius from the eruptive vents”. With this current volcanic activity, it is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur with little or no warnings. All tourism agencies, visitors, local authorities, people from Tanna Island and general public are reminded that danger area for life safety remains at the Danger Zone A (See Yasur caldera safety map below) which is about 600 m radius from eruptive vents due to the volcanic projectiles, ashes and gases presence in this zone. Villages located in and around the caldera will continue to expect volcanic gases and ash falls impacts. Yasur volcano safety map, visitors Fact sheet and information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources. The Department of Meteorology and Geohazards will continue to closely monitor this volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°1- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°1 - TANNA ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 31st 2024
TANNA VOLCANO 19°32’0”S 169°26’30”E Summit 1184ft (361m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 2
Yasur volcano is continuing in the major unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2. The Yasur volcanic activity is continuing at the major unrest state, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 2. Latest satellite data shows an increase in emissions of steam, gas, and ash on the crater. Some explosions remain intensified causing volcanic projectiles or bombs that fall in and/or around the summit crater. Ground observation reported landslide inside the crater vent. With this activity, some villages surrounding the volcano will continue to expect ash fall impacts and/or acid rain depending on wind speed and direction and weather. The Volcanic Alert Level is maintained at Level 2. With the ongoing volcanic activity and the associated hazards such as gas plumes, ash fall, possible landslides and volcanic projectiles or bombs to fall in and/or around the summit crater, the danger zone is limited in the danger zone A (red circle) which is 600 meters from the Permanent Exclusion Zone (See Yasur caldera safety map below). It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. Yasur Volcano has remained at Volcanic Alert level 2 since the 28th of October 2016. At this alert level, the risk for visitors accessing areas from the crater rim to the parking area is INTERMIDIATE. Given the unpredictable character of volcano all tourism agencies, local authorities, people on Tanna Island and the general public are advised to give serious consideration to potential volcanic hazards. . More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources Yasur is well known and most frequently visited of the Vanuatu volcanoes. It has been in more-or-less continuous Strombolian activity since Captain Cook observed ash eruptions in 1774. This type of activity may have continued since ages. The active cone is largely contained within the small Yenkahe caldera, and is one of the youngest Holocene’s volcanoes (11 700 years to present) of Vanuatu. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department will continue to closely monitor Yasur volcano activities and provide more information when necessary.
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Bulletin N°3- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°3 - EAST EPI ACTIVITY
Thursday March 28th 2024
EAST EPI VOLCANO 16°40′48″S 168°22′12″E Summit -111ft (-34m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 1
East Epi Submarine volcano is continuing to show signs of unrest. The East Epi submarine Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 1. Signs of volcanic unrest continue at the East Epi submarine volcano. New scientific observations confirmed that the East Epi submarine volcanic activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 1. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 2 km radius from the active submarine vents. Even though that communities members from Epi and neighboring islands could not observed the emitted volcanic plume above the sea surface, latest scientific observation confirmed that the East Epi submarine volcano remain active. Volcanic hazards persist at sea areas located around the East Epi submarine volcano. Ships with boats passengers, communities from Epi and neighboring islands will expect to observe volcanic pumice floating on the sea surface. These pumice may be also deposit at the Epi and neighboring islands coastal areas. Alert Level for East Epi submarine volcano has been at the Level 1 since February 2023. The current observations are consistent with the Alert Level 1 activity. Level 1 indicates “Signs of unrest. The danger zone for life safety is at 2 km radius from the active submarine vents”. All ships and boats owners, local authorities, people from Epi, Tongoa, Shepherd’s Islands and general public are reminded to must NOT approach 2 km radius from East Epi active submarine vents (See Est Epi submarine volcano safety map below). The risk of volcanic hazards is high in this zone. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Department of Meteorology and Geohazards will continue to closely monitor the submarine volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°2- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°2 - EAST EPI ACTIVITY
Friday March 8th 2024
EAST EPI VOLCANO 16°40′48″S 168°22′12″E Summit -111ft (-34m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 1
East Epi Submarine volcano is continuing to show signs of unrest. The East Epi submarine Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 1. Signs of volcanic unrest continue at the East Epi submarine volcano. New scientific observations confirmed that the East Epi submarine volcanic activity is likely to continue at similar level, consistent with the Volcanic Alert Level 1. The danger zone for life safety is limited at 2 km radius from the active submarine vents. Even though that communities members from Epi and neighboring islands could not observed the emitted volcanic plume above the sea surface, latest scientific observation confirmed that the East Epi submarine volcano remain active. Volcanic hazards persist at sea areas located around the East Epi submarine volcano. Ships with boats passengers, communities from Epi and neighboring islands will expect to observe volcanic pumice floating on the sea surface. These pumice may be also deposit at the Epi and neighboring islands coastal areas. Alert Level for East Epi submarine volcano has been at the Level 1 since February 2023. The current observations are consistent with the Alert Level 1 activity. Level 1 indicates “Signs of unrest. The danger zone for life safety is at 2 km radius from the active submarine vents”. All ships and boats owners, local authorities, people from Epi, Tongoa, Shepherd’s Islands and general public are reminded to must NOT approach 2 km radius from East Epi active submarine vents (See Est Epi submarine volcano safety map below). The risk of volcanic hazards is high in this zone. Information about volcanic hazards are available at the link below: www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources The Department of Meteorology and Geohazards will continue to closely monitor the submarine volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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Bulletin N°1- 2024
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VANUATU VOLCANO ALERT BULLETIN N°1 - EAST EPI ACTIVITY
Wednesday January 31st 2024
EAST EPI VOLCANO 16°40′48″S 168°22′12″E Summit -111ft (-34m) Current Vanuatu Volcano Alert Level: Level 1 East Epi Submarine volcano is continuing in the minor unrest state. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 1. The volcano activity of the East Epi submarine volcano is continuing in the level of minor unrest state consistent with Volcanic Alert Level 1. Latest data analyses from the monitoring system shows that the volcano seismicity is sustained but there is no manifestation at the surface. Volcanic Alert level is maintained at Level 1. With the ongoing volcano activity and its associated hazards, the danger zone remains at 2Km radius from the active submarine vent (see East Epi submarine volcano safety map below). The volcanic activity is likely to continue in its normal level of unrest. It is a useful reminder that eruptions can occur at any level of unrest with little or no warnings. East Epi submarine volcano has remained at Volcanic Alert Level 1. since the 1st of February 2023. At this alert level, the risk for visitors accessing areas around the submarine volcano is low. Given the unpredictable character of volcanoes all tourism agencies, local authorities, people on Epi, Tongoa, Shepherds Islands and the general public are advised to give serious consideration to potential volcanic hazards as well as the danger zone limit. More information about the volcanic hazards can be found on the website: http://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/volcano-info/resources A large caldera, with submarine post-caldera cones active in historical time, lies off the eastern coast of Epi Island. Three small submarine basaltic and dacitic cones, known as Epi A, Epi B, and Epi C, are located along the northern rim of the breached caldera and the summit of the shallowest cone, Epi B, was at 34 m below sea level at the time of a 2001 survey. Historical activity can be dated back to 1920, 1953, 1958, 1979, 1999, 2002, 2004 and the on the 1st of February 2023, the volcano entered another phase of eruption with phreatic explosions propelling ash some 100 m into the atmosphere. The Department of Meteorology and Geohazards will continue to closely monitor the submarine volcano activity. More information will be provided when necessary.
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